Governance System is Federal, the government consists of:
Executive Authority
Legislature
Judiciary
The political history of Somalia after independence and to this day can be divided into five stages, which are successive consecutive rings paved each other and these stages are:
The first stage: The civil governments, during the era of His Excellency the President (Adam Abdali Osman 1960-1967) and the era (Abdul Rashid Ali Sharmarki from 1967 until he was assassinated in 1969).
The second stage: the military government (1969-1991) under the reign of President Mohamed Siad Barre.
The third stage: Armed fronts (1991-2000), period of civil wars and tribal conflicts.
The fourth stage: Transitional governments In the era of His Excellency President Abdelkassim Salad Hassan (2000-2004) and the era of the late President Abdullah Yusuf Ahmed (2004-2008), and the era of President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed (2008-2012).
The fifth stage: The federal government
2012 until February 2017, under the reign of former President Hassan Sheikh Mahmoud. 8/2/2017, President Mohamed Abdullah Mohamed Faramajo was elected as a President of the Federal Republic of Somalia.
Federal states
- Punland state: its capital is Garowe
- Southwest state: its temporary capital is Baidaa
- Galmudug state, its temporary capital is Adado
- Jubaland state: its capital is Kismayo
- Hirshabeele state: its capital is Jawhar
- Somaliland region: its capital is Hargeisa (it declared secession from the Federal Republic of Somalia)